Harvard referencing is common at Nepali colleges delivering UK university programmes — Islington, Herald, The British College and similar institutions usually specify the Harvard variant their awarding university mandates.
That last point matters more than with any other style: Harvard is not a single standard. Enter your source details here for a clean author-date reference, then check the small conventions against your own university's guide.
Unlike APA, which has one governing manual, Harvard varies between institutions. Universities differ on punctuation, italics, whether the year sits in brackets, and how access dates are written — and each publishes its own guide.
If your programme is awarded by a UK university, that university's library guide is the authority, not any general Harvard reference. This tool produces a widely used form; check the details against your own guide and apply one variant consistently throughout.
Harvard cites author and year: (Gurung, 2019) parenthetically, or Gurung (2019) narratively. Add a page number for quotations: (Gurung, 2019, p. 45).
Two authors are joined with "and": (Gurung and Rai, 2019). Three or more shorten to et al. Where an organisation is the author, use its full name on first citation with the abbreviation introduced in brackets, then the abbreviation thereafter.
The list is alphabetical by surname, with a hanging indent. Where you cite several works by one author, order them by year; where two share a year, add 2019a and 2019b and use those letters in the text as well.
Online sources take "Available at:" followed by the URL and an access date in brackets. Most Harvard variants require the access date, which distinguishes it from APA where it is conditional.
Mixing variants is the frequent one — a reference list assembled from several online generators, each following a different Harvard guide, produces visibly inconsistent punctuation. Pick your university's guide and follow it throughout.
The other is treating Harvard and APA as interchangeable because both are author-date. They differ in punctuation, in the use of "and" versus an ampersand, and in access date requirements. A submission that drifts between them reads as careless even when every source is genuine.
It is common at colleges delivering UK university programmes, such as Islington, Herald and The British College. Your awarding university's guide is the authority.
Harvard is a family of variants rather than one standard, and each university publishes its own. Follow your own institution's guide and apply it consistently.
Both are author-date, but they differ in punctuation, in "and" versus "&", and in when an access date is required. Do not mix them.
Most Harvard variants require one, written as (Accessed: date) after the URL.
Add letters after the year — 2019a, 2019b — and use the same letters in your in-text citations.